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Bar lines cut the music into bars of equal beats, and a thin line followed by a thick one, the final bar line, marks the end. A rest is silence, as long as the note it stands for: a quarter rest one beat, a half rest two, and a whole rest, hanging from a line, a whole bar.

Small numbers over or under notes are finger numbers: 1 is the thumb and 5 the little finger, on both hands. They suggest a fingering that works; Clefsight can't see your hands, so they're there for you.

A sharp (♯) before a note means the next key to its right, usually a black key; a flat (♭) the next key to its left; a natural (♮) cancels either. Each lasts to the end of its bar. Sharps or flats at the start of every line are the key signature: they hold for every note with that letter, all through the piece. Letters such as p (soft) and f (loud) ask for loudness, which Clefsight leaves to you.